Wine Making

Is Moderate Drinking Good For You, Part 1




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For me this is going back 40 or so years, to my Aunt and Uncle.

Aunty had a bad ticker and, on her doctors advice, took a shot

of scotch every evening. Uncle Bud didnt have any problem with

a shot every night. Where Uncle Bud drew the line was her

insistence on having 2 or even 3 shots every night. And

Auntys shots were more like ponys than shots.an ounce and

a half to two ounces rather than just one ounce! This is back in

the early 1960s. But.she did live an extra 10-12 years beyond

the original less than a year prognosis, which the doctors

attributed to the kick-start effect of those massive shots on

her heart!



Additionally, since the 60s and perhaps much earlier, it is

often recommended that women take a glass of beer a day when

pregnant because of the added Vitamin D and other benefits. This

is wholly contrary to the concept that pregnant women should

consume absolutely ZERO alcohol during pregnancy.



Lets take a quick trip to Europe where, in Germany, they drink

beer rather than water; in France and Italy and Spain the drink

is wine rather than water. Were talking people of all ages,

from children up. Generally in Europe the water is unsafe to

drink unless boiled or bottled from the store. And they have a

lower heart disease and resultant stroke and especially heart

attack problem than the US and Canada.



So heres the big question: Will a glass of wine or a shot of

vodka a day keep the doctor away?



A large body of evidence collected over the past few years shows

that modest alcohol consumption can reduce deaths from coronary

heart disease (CHD) in middle and old age. Since heart disease

accounts for about half of the deaths among older adults, it

might seem that finding a way to cut the death rate would be

greeted with joy by public health officials, who are always on

the lookout for a means to prevent premature death.



However, we are not likely to see cheerful "have one for the

heart" posters replacing the current warnings about the bad

effects of alcohol. This is because, despite its benefits for

the heart, most medical authorities consider the ill effects of

alcohol too dire to recommend it as "heart medicine." The risks

of injuries, assault and various health problems related to

drinking are too great to suggest that non-drinkers start

consuming alcohol to improve heart-health. These risks are

present because most people cant, or wont, have just one

take my Auntys example for a case in point. Aunty, after two

ponys (3 to 4 1-ounce shots) was about half looped. And if she

had a third there wasnt any about about it she was very

definitely loaded.



So what is this body of evidence showing about possible benefits

of moderate alcohol intake as cardioprotective benefits?

Studies from around the world show a consistent link between

moderate alcohol consumption and decreased deaths from coronary

heart disease, and in both sexes over age 35-40, but especially

among middle aged men. Modest alcohol consumption seems to

reduce risks of death from coronary disease by 40-50 per cent.

This effect is termed the cardioprotective effect of moderate

alcohol consumption. The benefits of modest alcohol intake hold

true even for those who have had heart attacks or are at known

risk for CHD.



Depending on the studies, the heart protection occurs with

alcohol consumptions of one to five drinks a day. But most

studies show the heart-saving effects of alcohol peak at levels

of two or fewer drinks a day, and that benefits plateau at three

drinks per day. In fact, the research suggests that as little as

one drink every other day may confer heart-protecting effects in

both sexes over age 35.



The downside here is that excessive consumption not only

improves the cardioprotective benefits but, even with modest

drinking but in amounts over two daily drinks, the possible

benefits gained for the heart are negated by the bad health

effects of alcohol more falls, bruises, cuts, road injuries,

violence, rising blood pressure, hemorrhagic (bleeding) stroke,

liver cirrhosis and some types of cancer.



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Now I, personally, from a lifetime (Im 69 and counting) of

observation on friends and relatives, including 4 years living

in the heart of Europe (Orleans, France), am convinced of the

beneficial effects of moderate alcohol consumption.

Never-the-less, one must remember that even moderate drinking

can cause increases in the death rates from violence, trauma,

fire, water and road injuries.



The "J-shaped" curve heres where I have a big problem.



Studies in many countries find that people who consume alcohol

in moderation have lower death rates (from all causes) than

those at either extreme: abstainers and those who drink to

excess. My problem here is that, so far as I know, Life is 100%

fatal. Thus, there is absolutely no way in which people who

consume alcohol in moderation have lower death rates (from all

causes) than those Anyway, back to the J-Curve. In other

words, heavy drinkers and abstainers have higher death rates

than moderate drinkers. Graphs that plot deaths from heart

attacks against amounts of alcohol consumed have a so-called

"J-shaped pattern" with a shallow dip in total mortality for

modest drinkers. This indicates that people who drink a lot die

early, relatively speaking, and -- contrary to expectations --

that those who drink no alcohol also have increased premature

death rates. Recent data from the U.S. National Health and

Nutrition Examination Study (NHANES) found the coronary

mortality rate of moderate drinkers (who average a daily one to

two glasses of wine, beer or spirits) was 50 per cent lower than

that of total abstainers and 60 per cent lower than that of

heavy drinkers.



So, then, what is moderate drinking How much is enough:?



The concept of "moderate drinking varies from one country or

population to another, as do the amounts of alcohol in

beverages. For example, one average North American drink

contains 12-14 gm alcohol; in Britain it would have 8.5 gm

alcohol per drink, while in German beer halls each glass might

contain 20 gm per drink. In general, the experts consider

moderate drinking to be one to two 5-oz. glasses of table wine,

two bottles of regular beer or a couple of 1.5-oz. shots of

spirits a day for men and less for women, but not every day.

Current recommendations for low-risk drinking suggest no more

than one to two standard alcoholic drinks a day for women, no

more than two a day for men.



Drinking standards vary widely in countries around the world



The "drinking norm" is an elusive concept as drinking patterns

vary widely among nations and cultural or religious groups, with

different "right and wrong" times and places to drink -- for

instance, with or without meals, as part of a daily regime or

only on special occasions. In some societies, having a "couple

of drinks before dinner" is usual, in others it may cause raised

eyebrows. In France and Italy, for example people habitually sip

wine with meals, but drunkenness is unacceptable. In Canada,

"restrained drinking" has been cited as "less than five drinks

on one occasion," and drunken behaviour is mildly tolerated. In

Finland, drinking is not part of everyday life but is often

binge drinking reserved for special occasions, sometimes with

many drinks at one go, perhaps explaining the country's high

incidence of hemorrhagic (bleeding) stroke.



Then we have "The French Paradox"



I lived for four years in France and have observed this

Paradox in person. The idea that wine might offset coronary

heart disease arose from the finding that the heart attack rates

in France are far lower than those in most of Europe and other

industrialized nations, despite French diets high in fat, low

exercise levels and much tobacco smoking. Epidemiologists

suggest that the low heart attack rates among the French might

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be due to their high wine consumption, mostly red wine, usually

taken with meals. Although the French food supply is still

relatively healthful," notes one nutritionist, "the gap is

narrowing as their eating patterns change from a typical

Mediterranean diet (low in saturated fats, rich in minimally

processed plant foods) to one higher in animal fats. A rise in

French heart attack rates may soon follow." It is my opinion

that there is a growing tendency among health professionals and

dietitians" to infer that a healthy diet is a vegetarian-based

diet and contains little or no animal protein, yet there is no

evidence anywhere to prove such a hypothesis.



Authors note: here we end Part 1. This is necessary due to the

GoArticles restriction on article length and even though I have

edited out two full pages of my original article it remains just

a little too long to fit in one article.



About the author:

Loring Windblad has studied nutrition and exercise for more than

40 years, is a published author and freelance writer.



This article is Copyright 2005 by http://www.organicgreens.us,

http://www.organicgreens.ca and Loring Windblad. This article

may be freely copied and used on other web sites only if it is

copied complete with all links and text, including the Authors

Resource Box, intact and unchanged except for misspellings and

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